When vaccines against COVID-19 first became available in Canada, public service announcements flooded radio and TV broadcasts and repeatedly popped up online and across social media feeds.

More than 80 per cent of people in Canada responded, lining up at mass vaccination clinics or booking appointments for their first two doses.

Federal, provincial and territorial governments害羞草研究所� public awareness campaigns continued over the next few years, actively promoting booster shots to protect against waning immunity 害羞草研究所� but the uptake was considerably lower.

Now, there are two new COVID-19 vaccines 害羞草研究所� reformulated by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna 害羞草研究所� to fight the XBB.1.5 Omicron subvariant that has become dominant across the country. Yet despite the fact every province and territory now has at least one updated mRNA vaccine in hand, some experts say public awareness efforts to drive vaccine uptake aren害羞草研究所檛 what they used to be.

Doctors say it害羞草研究所檚 vital to get this version of the vaccine because it offers protection against the subvariant driving a current rise in COVID-19 cases and also because most Canadians are well past the six-month mark when immunity fades after previous shots or infections.

害羞草研究所淚t seems to me that we are sort of experiencing COVID amnesia,害羞草研究所� said Dr. Nazeem Muhajarine, professor of community health and epidemiology at the University of Saskatchewan.

Overall, communications efforts to break through that 害羞草研究所渁mnesia害羞草研究所� and get across the importance of getting the vaccine have been 害羞草研究所渓ess than optimal,害羞草研究所� he said.

害羞草研究所淭his fall, we are at a quite a different place in relation to COVID-19 than in each of the three previous falls 害羞草研究所� we are in a better place, but we are not in a completely safe place,害羞草研究所� said Muhajarine, who is also a researcher with Canada害羞草研究所檚 Coronavirus Variants Rapid Response Network.

Provinces and territories now have information posted on their websites about who is eligible to get the updated COVID-19 vaccine, where to get it and links to book appointments or find participating pharmacies.

But those websites require people to already be 害羞草研究所渕otivated害羞草研究所� to seek out a shot, Muhajarine said.

British Columbia害羞草研究所檚 system is an example of a more proactive approach, he said.

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Everyone in B.C. who got their primary COVID-19 vaccine series gets a text or email message informing them when it害羞草研究所檚 their turn to get the new shot, the province害羞草研究所檚 Health Minister Adrian Dix told The Canadian Press in an interview.

People can click through to book their appointment immediately, Dix said, noting that the message also reminds them to get their flu shot, which can be booked at the same time.

The invitations to book have been sent out 害羞草研究所渋n order of vulnerability,害羞草研究所� he said, with the first messages going to health-care workers and long-term care residents, followed by seniors and people who have chronic conditions that make them especially vulnerable to serious illness. After that, the general public has startedreceiving invitations.

Dix estimated that about 144,000 invitations for COVID-19 and flu vaccinations are sent out per day in B.C.

The minister didn害羞草研究所檛 comment on whether the budget for advertising and promoting the COVID-19 vaccine was similar to previous efforts, but said 害羞草研究所渢he text (and email) messages are an invitation system which serve as the best possible promotion.害羞草研究所�

In an email response to The Canadian Press, the Public Health Agency of Canada said that provincial and territorial governments are responsible for their own advertising campaigns to promote vaccines.

But the agency said it is also promoting the updated COVID-19 vaccine at a national level as part of 害羞草研究所渢hree sequenced advertising campaigns this season, one on COVID-19 vaccination, one on seasonal flu and one on personal protective measures.害羞草研究所滻ts strategy also includes news media outreach, social media campaigns and webinars with health-care professionals.

The agency acknowledged that 害羞草研究所渢he overall advertising budget has decreased in 2023-24害羞草研究所� but said its campaigns are 害羞草研究所渋ncreasingly more targeted to higher risk individuals.害羞草研究所�

Local public health units are doing the best they can to increase awareness of the updated COVID-19 vaccine within limited budgets set by provinces and municipalities, said Dr. Thomas Piggott, medical officer of health for Peterborough, Ont.

Piggott and his team are doing both traditional media and social media promotion, including Instagram live sessions where he answers people害羞草研究所檚 questions about COVID-19, flu and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and available vaccines.

害羞草研究所淐apacity continues to be a challenge because public health continues to be grossly underfunded in comparison to other parts of, you know, public service and the health-care system,害羞草研究所� he said, noting there害羞草研究所檚 no word if the additional COVID-19 funding given to public health units during the pandemic will continue past the end of this year.

Dr. Vinita Dubey, associate medical officer of health for Toronto Public Health, said they continue to do paid advertising as well as media relations campaigns, but 害羞草研究所渢here害羞草研究所檚 no question that I think people need to hear it many different ways 害羞草研究所� in order to get the message to sink (in).害羞草研究所�

Toronto Public Health no longer has the same large-scale infrastructure of 害羞草研究所渃ommunity ambassadors害羞草研究所� to reach marginalized neighbourhoods and people who speak different languages that it had during previous COVID-19 vaccine awareness campaigns, Dubey said.

It also has fewer peopleto workon 害羞草研究所渧accine confidence teams害羞草研究所� who would disseminate accurate information about COVID-19 vaccination and combat the flow of misinformation on social media, she said.

Ensuring people understand the importance of this fall害羞草研究所檚 COVID-19 vaccine is not just about the amount of promotion 害羞草研究所� it害羞草研究所檚 also about describing the shot accurately, Muhajarine said.

Calling the XBB.1.5 vaccine a 害羞草研究所渂ooster害羞草研究所� is not scientifically accurate and may lead people to underestimate its significance, he said.

害羞草研究所淚t is not a booster dose. It is a new vaccine reformulation,害羞草研究所� Muhajarine said.

害羞草研究所淲e are not trying to boost previous vaccine doses,害羞草研究所� he said. 害羞草研究所淲e are trying to elicit an immune response to this current circulating variant.害羞草研究所�

害羞草研究所淲e don害羞草研究所檛 say each year, 害羞草研究所楪et your flu booster.害羞草研究所� We say, 害羞草研究所楪et your flu vaccine.害羞草研究所櫤π卟菅芯克鶟

Dubey agreed.

害羞草研究所淲hen you hear the word 害羞草研究所榖ooster害羞草研究所� you might think, 害羞草研究所榦h well, I already got a bunch of vaccines, I害羞草研究所檓 good,害羞草研究所櫤π卟菅芯克鶟 she said.

The National Advisory Committee on Immunization recommends that everyone six months of age and older get the XBB.1.5 vaccine if it has been six months or longer since their last COVID-19 vaccination or COVID-19 infection.

NACI also recommends the XBB.1.5 vaccine for both children and adults who have never been vaccinated against COVID-19.

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